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May 15, 2005

日本は極東ではなく極西

 前に「海の友情」でも書いたが、日本人と中国人、韓国人とは同文同種とはいうものの、気質が随分と違うように思える。
 日本人は争いがあっても、一度陳謝し、和解が成立したら、過去のことは水に流す。一度合意したことをむしかえすのは潔しとしないと言う美学があるように思える。処が韓国人、中国人には自分に有利となれば、何度も過去のことを蒸し返し、淡白な日本人を辟易させる。
 これは「海の友情」で指摘した海洋民族気質によるものだろうか? それとも武士道の精神なのだろうか? 武士道は西欧の騎士道に通じるものがある。そう言えば、西欧と日本には古代帝国の後、群雄割拠の封建制が成立し、近代への橋渡しとしての小規模国家としての藩や都市国家の経営を通じて、統治能力を身につけた。一方、中国、韓国などの大陸国家は古代専制国家のパターンのまま興亡を繰り返し、そのままの状態(市民層騎士層不在のまま)で産業革命によって経済力を身につけた西欧諸国の侵略に曝されることになった。福沢諭吉先生が「脱亜入歐」論を唱えられたのも無理のないことのように思える。
 梅棹忠夫博士が名著「文明の生態史観」で指摘されたように、日本は文明史的には極東に位置するのではなく、西欧から西回りに地球を回って、西欧諸国とその後継者たる米国との共通性を色濃く有する極西なのではないだろうか?
 一体どちらの気質が普遍性があり、人間として付き合い易いか。経済大国として平和的台頭を目指す中国が海洋民族的価値観や気質と激しい摩擦を起こさなければ良いがと危惧される。
 
 

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 私もあなたと全く同じ考えです。日本は西側諸国の最西国です。江戸時代は鎖国といいますが、オランダと通商でつながっています。大坂堂島は先物取引(デリバティブ)が先駆的にはじまり。歌舞伎・浄瑠璃・浮世絵など町人文化が栄えています。同じ時代儒教国家の中韓は西洋の学問や支配階級でない文化が花開いたのでしょうか?ヨーロッパから時計が渡来してきて日本は和時計を作りました。中韓は自らのあったものをつくられたのでしょうか?日本は16世紀半ばの鉄砲伝来から西側諸国になったのです。

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